国际油气井钻头进展概述(三)——PDC钻头发展进程及当今态势(上)
投稿时间:2016-02-18  修订日期:2016-02-18  点此下载全文
引用本文:左汝强.国际油气井钻头进展概述(三)——PDC钻头发展进程及当今态势(上)[J].钻探工程,2016,43(3):1-8.
ZUO Ru-qiang. International Advancement of Drilling Bits for Oil and Gas Well(3)—PDC Bits Progress and Present Trend(Ⅰ)[J]. Drilling Engineering, 2016,43(3):1-8.
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左汝强* 国土资源部 zrq1941@sina.com;617140994@qq.com 
中文摘要:自1973年PDC钻头应用以来,油气钻井发生了很大变化。但是PDC钻头在早期约15年时间内发展缓慢。此后,由于加强技术创新,如多层聚晶金刚石层、非平面界面专利、防回旋技术、滤钴工艺、优化水力学设计以及计算机建模等,促进了PDC钻头迅猛发展、广泛应用。目前,PDC钻头在世界上所钻进尺数已占到约90%。NOV公司近年推出4种太阳神PDC切削齿,由其制作的PDC钻头提高了热稳定性、抗研磨性、抗冲击韧性与导向性等。这类钻头可以钻进硬岩与研磨性地层,以及一些难钻地层,具有较高的钻进效率和较好的耐用性。Helios太阳神系列PDC钻头成功地应用于挪威、中东、澳大利亚以及美国等地的油气田。斯伦贝谢公司推出的ONYX玛瑙360°滚动PDC可保持刀齿锐利、相对冷却及延长寿命,显著地提高了钻头耐用性。在美国许多油气田应用表明,这种滚动PDC制造的钻头比固定齿PDC钻头平均钻进效率可提高40%以上,而钻头的工作寿命则可提高40%~70%。
中文关键词:复合片  聚晶金刚石复合片  非平面界面  滤钴工艺  太阳神PDC齿  热韧性  玛瑙360°滚动PDC齿
 
International Advancement of Drilling Bits for Oil and Gas Well(3)—PDC Bits Progress and Present Trend(Ⅰ)
Abstract:PDC bits have greatly changed the oil and gas drilling since their introduction in 1973. But PDC bits grew slowly in early about 15 years. Then their growth sped up obviously for innovations and improvements, such as Layered diamond table、NPI patents、Cobalt leaching、 Anti-whirl、 Hydraulics design, Computer Modeling etc. At present,PDC bits drill 90% of worldwide footage. In recent years, NOV has launched 4 types of Helios PDC cutters, which could increase the thermal stability、abrasion resistance、 impact toughness and steerability of PDC bits. Those bits are suitable for drilling hard、abrasive formations, as well as some difficult-to-drill formations with high ROP and durability. Applications were successful in Norway、Middle East、Australia、US Texas etc. ONYX 360° rolling PDC cutter,launched by Schlumberger, which keeps the cutter’s edge sharp and relatively cool, prolonging cutter life and overall bit durability. Applications in many oil and gas field showed that the average ROP of the bits with rolling PDC cutters increased more 40% compared with the bits installed by fixed cutters. The rolling cutter’s bits also increased footage 40%~70% compared with the fixed cutter’s bits.
keywords:polycrystalline diamond compact  non-planar interfaces  cobalt leaching technology  Helios PDC cutters  thermal toughness  ONYX 360° rolling PDC cutter
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