By analyzing the purpose and requirements of the shale gas geological exploration well, the applicability of small diameter core drilling technology in this field is determined. Proceeding from the physical and chemical characteristics of shale and shale gas reservoir, the technical research on small diameter core drilling technology applied in this field is carried out. The analysis on the main points control is made for small diameter core drilling technology differing from conventional situation processing from equipments selection, management and technology to ensure the economy and safety of shale gas geology exploration well and further improve the small diameter core drilling technology system.32