Drilling equipment and process method are the core of drilling engineering technology and the former is the basis and hardware condition of drilling technology. Different types of drilling equipment are required in the different construction conditions. Drilling equipment is the general name of the necessary equipment for drilling construction, such as drilling rig, mud pump, derrick, power and other technical equipments. Based on the analysis on the influence of equipment configuration on drilling efficiency, this paper discusses the selection and allocation of key equipments and tools for deep geological core drilling and puts forward some suggestions for the optimizing the key equipments in deep hole core drilling.