In drilling engineering, particularly in deep hole drilling, various complicated cases are often encountered, for example, drilling in very hard and fractured formations, drill bit cooling while drilling with compressed air or foam and keeping diameters of the hole and core, etc. However, the solutions of these problems are almost all related to the technical characteristics and working ability of the drill bits to be used. The study should be carried on the drill bits to be used and the countermeasures in order to improve the technical and economic indexes of drilling engineering. Russian specialists have made a great deal studies on drill bits those can be used in solving the above problems and have achieved some good results, including diamond drill bits used in hard fractured rocks, diamond drill bits in compressed air (foam) drilling and diamond gauge protecting bits. This paper introduces the structures, working principles and the advantages of these patented diamond bits, which can be the reference in China.