In order to solve the problem of accidents in the hole encountered in the drilling project， cutters are used for accident drills. However， rocks could be cut when drills are cut. Therefore， the friction and wear tests of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride （PCBN） against the Si₃N₄ ball are designed at different annealing temperatures based on the complex working conditions. Optical microscope， X-ray diffractometer （XRD）， scanning electron microscope （SEM）， X-ray energy spectrometer （EDS） were used to analyze the influence of heat treatment on PCBN and the tribological behavior of PCBN against the Si₃N₄ ball. The results show that： After annealing treatment above 800℃， PCBN binder oxidation generates TiO₂. Furthermore， there is slight adhesive wear after PCBN at annealing treatment of 800℃ against Si₃N₄ ball. Adhesive wear is more serious after PCBN at annealing treatment of 900℃ against Si₃N₄ ball. However， abrasive wear and adhesive wear coexist after PCBN at annealing treatment of 1000℃ against Si₃N₄ ball. In addition， friction coefficients of PCBN against Si₃N₄ ball are associated with the annealing temperatures.