The technical difficulties， including serious leakage， stuck drilling， tripping， obstruction in wellbore clean-up， and the corresponding treatment measures in regard to drilling of the Well Qianshuidi-1 of shale gas exploration in the central Guizhong-Nanpanjiang area are summarized. Due to the complex formations encountered， various measures such as backfilling of clay， commercial concrete plugging， drilling blind against leakage， cuttings bailing， air drilling， drilling with casing， sealing with casing， and other measures had been adopted for treatment. In addition， in view of the actual engineering situation， various drilling fluid formulations were used for this complex formation， and they all achieved certain effects. The drilling technology and drilling fluid technology optimization experience accumulated in this process can provide some reference for the future implementation of shale gas exploration technology in the complex structural area in Southwestern Guizhou.