Different substances， such as formation particles， microorganisms and injections， will cause blockage of oil and gas wells in the process of migration and retention along with pipeline fluid and solid. This paper divides the blockage areas into four categories： blockage of surface collection and transmission pipelines， blockage of wellbore， blockage of sand control media and blockage of formation pores. The physical， chemical and biological factors causing plugging and plugging characteristics are analyzed in this paper. The present status of plugging removal technology commonly used in the process of offshore oil and gas resource development is summarized， and the plugging removal technology is divided into four categories， namely physical， chemical， biological and composite. At the same time， it is considered that the composite plugging removal technology is the most likely to be applied to hydrate development in the future， which provides a reference for the plugging removal technology in the future development of marine natural gas hydrate resources.