Excessive vibration frequency will damage drilling tools， affect efficiency and even cause downhole accidents， so it is necessary to measure the vibration frequency of downhole drilling tools in real time. In this paper， a high temperature resistant downhole vibration sensor based on the triboelectric nanogenerator is proposed. The sensor has not only vibration measurement function， but also power generation function. When the sensor measured the vibration frequency， the test showed that the measurement range was 0~8Hz， the measurement error was less than 4%， the signal/noise ratio was high， the anti-interference ability was strong， and the output signal amplitude was inversely proportional to the distance between the sensor and the vibration source. When the sensor was used for power generation， the test showed that the higher the vibration frequency， the greater the power generation. Its output voltage， output current and output power at 8Hz were 70V， 12×10^-7A and 4.2×10^-5W， respectively， demonstrating its potential as a downhole distributed generator. In addition， the sensor can be used at temperature less than 180℃ and relative humidity less than 90%， exhibiting strong adaptability.