High-temperature geothermal power generation is a promising industry that has received great attention from countries all over the world in recent years in the context of the global energy transition. To realize the development of high-temperature geothermal energy， the related drilling technology is the key. Since the 1950s in North America， continuous research and experiments have been conducted on technologies that utilize geothermal energy for commercial direct use and power generation. A complete technology system has been formed in high-temperature geothermal drilling， such as high-temperature geothermal well design and wellbore integrity technology， high-temperature and ultra-high-temperature hard rock drill bit design and manufacturing technology， high-temperature down hole drilling tools， high-temperature downhole measurement tools， high-temperature mud system and circulation loss prevention technology， high temperature cement slurry system and high temperature well control technology， etc. This article will combine the author''s work experience in both China and North America， to give an overview of the key technologies and challenges of geothermal drilling in North America.