With the development of modern engineering technology, engineering exploration drilling play a crucial role in civil engineering, mining and other fields. However, the traditional engineering exploration drilling operation has some problems, such as low efficiency, many safety risks and inaccurate data collection, which need to be solved urgently. In order to improve the efficiency and safety of engineering exploration drilling operation, this paper aims to discuss the design and application of the automatic monitoring system of engineering exploration drilling operation process based on laser ranging technology, in order to provide useful reference for the modernization and intelligent development of engineering exploration exploration industry.