Deep drilling is a necessary means of obtaining deep oil and gas resources and accurately detecting the deep earth. As the increase of the depths in deep wells and extra-deep wells， the high-temperature environment poses stricter requirements on drilling fluid systems. In recent years， new progress has been made in anti-temperature drilling fluid systems through continuous research. This paper summarizes the research and application of various high-temperature drilling fluid systems at home and abroad， and highlights the advantages and application scenarios of different systems， including high-temperature resistant water-based drilling fluid systems of high-temperature resistant polysulfide drilling fluid， high-density drilling fluid， low-density drilling fluid； high-temperature resistant oil-based drilling fluid， water-in-oil， oil-in-water and reversible oil-based drilling fluid systems； high-temperature resistant solid-free drilling fluid systems such as offshore deepwater solid-free， formate drilling fluid， foam drilling fluid， and weak gel drilling fluid； organosilicon drilling fluid systems and biomass drilling fluid systems. The future development directions is environment friendly， improved high-temperature resistance perpormance， cost reduction and enhanced multifunctionality， which requires continuous technological innovation and cooperation to promote the development and application of high-temperature drilling fluid systems in the drilling industry towards sustainability and efficiency.