With the development and improvement of drilling equipment, iron drills have gradually replaced hydraulic and pneumatic tongs as a safe and efficient tool for unscrewing drill rods, becoming the standard configuration of automated drilling equipment. As the core component of iron drilling workers, the punching pliers are crucial for the overall work performance of the iron drilling workers. It is necessary to optimize the design by analyzing its structural principle and working mode, selecting oil cylinders and conducting mechanical analysis, designing a set of high-efficiency punching pliers structural devices, and conducting field production tests. Experiments have shown that the structure design of the punching pliers is scientific, and the selection of oil cylinders is reasonable, greatly improving the work efficiency of iron drills, providing certain reference significance for the design and manufacturing of iron drills in the future.