Most of the transmission line tower position in mountainous areas have high mountains，steep slopes，developed vegetation and lack of water，leading to the relocation of drilling equipment difficult， inconvenient water，which seriously affect the work of geological drilling.This paper focuses on the needs of geological survey of transmission lines in mountainous areas，carries out systematic and integrated research based on shallow drilling technology， introduces small diameter （?46 mm） wire line coring technology，develops new efficient polycrystalline diamond composite drill bit， optimizes drilling lifting device， circulation system，drilling fluid formula，etc.，and has been verified in the test.The results show that the waterless drilling technology is suitable for the geological survey of transmission lines in mountainous areas. The shallow drilling wire line coring technology can effectively solve the problems of hole wall collapse and low drilling efficiency. The upgraded drilling rig circulation system can carry out drilling fluid circulation drilling. By optimizing the drilling fluid formula，the coring rate can be increased to more than 85%.Solving the problems of low efficiency and low heart rate in geological drilling of power transmission lines in mountainous areas.