In recent years， drilling vertical rescue wells is one of the important means for emergency rescue in mine accidents. When the mine accident occurs， and people are trapped underground， there is a golden rescue time window for the life of the personnel trapped underground； however， the surface rescue personnel are unable to carry out rapid rescue through the roadway. Advanced drilling technology can be used to drill boreholes safely， quickly and accurately to connect surface to the underground roadway ， so as to achieve the expected purpose of maintaining life and rescuing the trapped underground personnel. According to the geological conditions of the Yangchangwan mining area in Ningdong Coalfield， this paper mainly studies fast drilling technology， such as the hole structure design， drilling method selection， drilling tool structure design， drilling fluid design and drilling parameter design for small-diameter vertical drilling for mine emergency rescue， so as to provide support for vertical rescue hole drilling for Ningxia mines， and promote the improvement of the rescue success rate of mine accidents.