According to the shift of reflected central wavelength of fiber grating caused by the changing of strain or temperature, an automatic multi-parameter fiber monitoring system was developed for geological disaster monitoring, and the amount of wavelength shift directly reflect changing amount of the strain and the temperature. The monitoring on strain, stress, pressure, temperature, displacement and vibration was realized by the changing of fiber grating encapsulation style and dotty quasi-distributing measure was realized through the design of arrangement for multiple central wavelengths of fiber grating to improve the technology of geological disasters monitoring.