To meet the requirements of the complex formation drilling in urban strata survey, a rotary top drive drilling system with high frequency vibration was developed for JDD-100 full hydraulic drilling rig, which has the functions of rotary drilling, high-frequency vibration drilling and rotary drilling with high-frequency vibration. The top drive drilling rotary mechanism and the vibrating mechanism are designed systematically, and the dynamic simulation analysis is made on the working process of the rotary top drive drilling system with high frequency vibration by using the ADAMS dynamics simulation software. The experiment proves that the device can satisfy the requirements of high drilling efficiency in complex formations for urban geological survey with its rational structure design, high drilling efficiency and long working life.