The optimization study on parameters of a large diameter drill pipe joint thread used in mine shaft rising boring is conducted through combining the orthogonal experiment with the finite element theory in this paper. The study results show that small end outer diameter of the screw thread, the taper, side angle of the thread and length of the screw thread etc. have a significant impact on the strength of the thread, the significance order of these parameters on the thread strength and the optimal value of the thread without considering the interaction of these parameters are obtained.