The dill string vibration is inevitable during drilling process due to various causes. With in-depth research, it is recognized that the drill string vibration not only has negative influence on drilling operation, but also can be used to get a lot of underground information. Using a drill pipe model, the analysis was made on the vibration characteristics under different working conditions; multiple modes of transverse vibration, longitudinal vibration and torsional vibration were obtained, as well as the corresponding stress-strain diagram. The vibration modes were compared with the diagram and the consideration was also made on the drill string failure modes in order to find out the correlation between vibration and drill string failure to make vibration helpful in production.