The national groundwater monitoring well construction project is established and applied by Ministry of Land and Resources of the People's Republic of China and Ministry of Water Resources of the People’s Republic of China, which is approved by National Development and Reform Commission with the experience of feasibility study and evaluation for more than 10 years. With over 2 billion yuan of the total financial investment, the project covers 31 provinces and Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps including 7 large basins and 16 important hydrogeological units with 20401 groundwater monitoring sites. The organization and implementation of the project is of great significance, which is related to the livelihood issues of geological environment, drink water safety, economic and social sustainable development and so on. In this project, the drilling engineering determines the quantity, running effects and service life of national groundwater monitoring wells. In view of the characteristics of wide geolgraphical distribution, long construction lines and complex geological conditions of the project, this paper analyzes the key points of construction management, well construction design, pipe for well completion and drilling technology selection with detailed suggestions.