Being a new type of flexible retaining technology, Gabion retaining wall is superior to the traditional methods. It has the advantages of flexibility, permeability, durability, seismic resistance and being conducive to vegetation growth, etc. In recent years, Gabion retaining wall is gradually used widely in the construction of water conservancy, waterway, highway, railway, mining, geological disaster, airport and so on. The development course of gabion retaining wall is reviewed. The hotspots such as interface friction characteristics of double twisted hexagonal wire mesh and various fillers of Gabion retaining wall at the present stage, the rupture surface form of Gabion retaining wall, the reinforced mechanism of Gabion retaining wall, the best reinforcing arrangement of Gabion retaining wall are analyzed. Finally, this paper discusses the lag of theory and the lack of design specification in the research on Gabion retaining wall and puts forward the countermeasures.