A new technology of in-situ pyrolysis of oil shale by high voltage-power frequency heating is proposed by Jilin University and Tomsk Polytechnic University, Russia. It has the advantages of small footprint, less pollution and simple technology. The two-step method is to use high voltage electricity to break down oil shale, then by electric heating to realize rapid pyrolysis of oil shale. In order to determine the technical parameters of oil shale pyrolysis and master oil shale pyrolysis technology by high voltage-power frequency heating, the thermal analysis on the pyrolysis process of oil shale under the conditions of with or without oxygen are carried out. The test results show that the pyrolysis of oil shale can be completed under the aerobic and anaerobie heating conditions, and the pyrolysis processes are the same, all of which belong to two-step pyrolysis process. Oxygen plays a driving role in the pyrolysis of oil shale, which can reduce the pyrolysis temperature of oil shale, save energy and speed up the pyrolysis of oil shale.