In order to solve the sampling problem in special shallow overburden formation, the CBQ30A portable sampling drill was developed. This paper introduces the main modular components of CBQ30A in turn: lightweight power engine, brake block clutch, gear shifting mechanism with the independent patent, simplified swivel and quick-disconnect transmission mechanism. This rig has been verified by production trials in many fields, which basically meets the needs of green exploration, and has a good effect on the promotion of shallow sampling technology.