Environment friendly water-based drilling fluids will become a development direction to meet the requirements of the national ecological civilization construction and green exploration and development. With increase in drilling depth, the formation temperature becomes higher and higher; therefore, higher requirement is placed on the temperature resistance of environment friendly drilling fluids. In this paper, the new progresses on high temperature resistant, environment friendly water-based drilling fluids at home and abroad are introduced, including high performance water-based drilling fluid, formate drilling fluid, organic salt drilling fluid, polymeric alcohol drilling fluid, silicate drilling fluid, methyl glucoside drilling fluid. The shortcomings of the existing high temperature resistant, environment friendly water-based drilling fluid system are summarized, and the development trend of high temperature resistant, environment friendly water-based drilling fluids is analyzed.