At present， drilling is the only technical method that can directly obtain subsurface physical data and provide measurement channels， and scientific drilling is an indispensable and important means for human beings to solve the major problems about resources， disasters and the environment. This paper briefly reviews the development of continental scientific drilling technology and equipment. Through the investigation of the frontier issues and development routes of new technology development in continental scientific drilling， summarization is made of the main technical problems which continental scientific drilling faces with the development roadmap of highly integrated， smart green drilling technology put forward for ultra-deep scientific drilling in China， which can provide reference for further development and organization of scientific drilling projects in China.