With regard to the challenges of high friction， drag force， etc. during drilling directional and horizontal wells， ??127 hydraulic oscillation friction reduction tool was developed， which is able to effectively reduce the friction force between the drill string and the wellbore or inner wall of casing， improve weight on bit transfer， extend the length of directional and horizontal sections， and increase the rate of penetration. The mechanism of hydraulic oscillation antifriction drilling technology is introduced. The main parts of the tool are analyzed， and the operating principle is studied. The feasibility and the vibration stability of the tool were verified by numerical simulation， laboratory test and field test. The results showed that the performance of the device was reliable， and the hydraulic pulse frequency， pressure fluctuation amplitude and axial vibration displacement increased with flow rates. The results can provide references for research and development of related drilling tools and technologies for friction reduction， ROP improvement， etc.