Enyang District in Bazhong City belongs to the typical red layer area in northeast Sichuan. In recent years， shallow surface soil landslides are very easy to be induced by a large number of human engineering activities and heavy rainfall， which pose a threat to people’s lives and properties. In this paper， a typical geological model is established through analyzing the 25 new near-horizontal soil landslides in Enyang District of Bazhong City in the last 3 years（year 2020-2022）. The basic characteristics of such near-horizontal soil landslides are that the dip angle of rock layer and topographic slope are within 10° （mostly 3°~5°）， which are nearly horizontal， the thickness of soil layer of the slide body is thin at the front edge and thick at the back edge， moreover， a high and steep free face at the front edge of the landslide exists and the interface between rock and soil is obvious. The deformation and damage mode of the landslide is qualitatively analyzed as follows： leading edge slip-tensioning， secondary shear sliding， step-by-step traction sliding， and overall sliding deformation. A typical near-horizontal soil landslide in the area was selected as the study object， and the leading edge and middle-rear surface displacements of the landslide were taking as the main monitoring objects. The rainfall intensity was monitored， and the landslide was professionally monitored by GNSS surface displacement monitoring station， fractometer displacement meter， rainfall meter and other monitoring equipment. The results show that the actual deformation and damage patterns of near-horizontal landslides are basically consistent with the theoretical analysis. The findings of this paper can provide some theoretical support for the same type of landslides in the region when designing professional monitoring programs and formulating precise disaster prevention and avoidance measures.