Hot dry rock resource is a kind of renewable clean energy with huge reserves. Abundant hot dry rock resource reserves exist in China， efficient and stable exploitation of hot dry rock is one of the important ways to achieve the strategic goal of “double carbon”. The development of hot dry rock is mainly accomplished through enhanced geothermal systems. When developed， the hot dry rock is exposed to water environment with high temperature and high pressure for a long time. In this process， different minerals in the rock will dissolve/deposit， causing problems such as crack blockage or pipe scaling. At the same time， in the process of contact heat transfer between water and hot dry rock， the water-rock interaction also has an impact on the mechanical properties of rock， inducing the formation of micro-pores and the expansion of cracks， aggravating the damage degree of rock and decreasing the mechanical properties of rock. In this paper， the problems caused by water-rock interaction under high temperature and high pressure conditions in the development of hot dry rock are analyzed， the current experimental methods and numerical simulation methods of water-rock interaction are summarized， and the mechanism of water-rock interaction is described. Finally， the research direction of water-rock interaction in the development of hot dry rock in the future is discussed， which provides some theoretical reference for the long periodical， efficient and safe development of hot dry rock in the future.