In order to meet the needs of the Antarctic scientific drilling， to obtain the base rock sample under the deep ice in the Antarctica， it is necessary to improve the ability of the Antarctic drill rigs to resist the chills from the aspects of mild insulation. In order to cope with the low temperature challenges faced by naked parts during the transportation process and during the work process， the choice of low-temperature materials for the drill drive shaft， sealing material， and drilling fluid needs to be used. The drill rig body should be in an overall insulation and heating environment with a certain insulation carrier and insulation materials during the working process. This article reviews and preferred the temperature-resistant materials and thermal insulation methods of Antarctic drilling machine. It is believed that the system insulation solution and evaluation system of low-temperature geological rig should be designed as soon as possible. Small molecular esters such as ethyl ester and propionate are potential drilling fluids of Antarctic inland drilling. They use the insulation container as the main heating method as the main heating method as the preservation and heating form. It is of certain significance to ensure that it is normal and stable to maintain normal and stable work under the harsh conditions in the Antarctic inland.