In the past 10 years, with the amount of mineral resource drilling work increases, the amount of deep hole and extra deep hole also increases greatly. As the earlier stage of the Earth Crust Probe Program, the Sino-Probe Project will finish at the end of this year. And 10000m scientific drilling program will be put on the agenda. This poses new challenges to drilling techniques. This article briefly describes the new progress of drilling techniques, challenges and countermeasures in the exploration of deep mineral resources.