This paper comprehensively summarizes the important achievements made by the Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey， CGS （CHEGS） on hydrogeological， engineering geological and environmental geological drilling technology and equipment， sand control technology for natural gas hydrate as well as hot dry rock drilling， etc. during the “13th Five-Year Plan” period. These achievements mainly include innovations in hydrogeological， engineering geological and environmental geological exploration technology and equipment which has helped green groundwater survey； proposal of sand control measures which has provided technical support for the experimental production of natural gas hydrate； organization and implementation of the experimental investigation and development project for hot dry rock in Gonghe Basin， Qinghai where significant breakthroughs have been made on drilling technology， equipment and process for the high temperature hard rock in order to establish a world-class demonstration power generation base. Moreover， with analysis of the existing challenges， this paper presents an outlook on the future research activities about drilling technology in the coming “14th Five-Year Plan” period.