Abstract:Low-carbon economics is the theme of our age and it is taken as an ideal form of national economical development by all the countries. As a part of the geological work, the exploration engineering (rock & soil drilling and tunneling) is the pioneer of national economic construction, which has inseparable relations with low-carbon economics. This article briefly discussed the relationship of exploration engineering (rock & soil drilling and tunneling) with low-carbon economics and the continuous development of the technique itself.

Abstract:Based on the view that the combination of cutting tools can produce pre-break zone in rock, this paper quantitatively studies the relationship between the depth of pre-break zone and the cut depth of cutting edge. The results show that the pre-break zone can contribute to reduce rock strength and rock fragmentation energy, which is also verified by the field test results. It gets the following two academic views: there are still pre-break zone, cutting and micro-cutting rock breaking modes when drilling Ⅶ~Ⅷ-class hard rock with the impregnated diamond bit; the view “the bigger of pre-break zone, the better of drilling effect” is not correct.

Abstract:Because of very high requirements on the technique and safety, the permanent disposal of nuclear waste liquid is a worldwide difficulty, and investigation on disposal field and drilling technology is strictly demanded. The paper introduced a fracturing field in China, which is in strong natural whipstocking stratum; the field investigation and hole deviation in monitoring well drilling are important difficulties. Relative technologies of deviation prevention and correction were adopted for drilling construction in investigation of 2 disposal fields and γ monitoring well with good effect.

Abstract:Because of the complex formations, deep hole drilling is very difficult in Changbai polymetallic mine area. The advanced borehole structure and wire-line coring drilling were adopted; with wire-line coring pipe of the same diameter as the intermediate casing; high performance PAB solid-free flushing fluid and the drilling technology with high-level broad spectrum bit were selected. A borehole of 1505.88 m depth was fulfilled, which became the drilling depth record of Jilin Geology and Mineral Surveying and Exploring Bureau. The paper emphatically introduced the construction technology of this borehole drilling.

Abstract:Aiming at some super large water gushing holes in the exploration at Laohudong phosphate mine in Wengan County of Guizhou Province, the top hole section of water releasing, weighted mud, Φ56mm wire-line coring tool, S75 wire-line coring inner pipe assembly refitting and some drilling methods were combined to form a complete set of small diameter wire-line coring construction technology for super large gushing water.

Abstract:The formation conditions are complicated in Huize mining area with borehole collapsing and serious diameter shrinking. PAA mud was applied for horizontal borehole drilling with good effect. The paper introduces the PAA mud about the formula, the compound method and the application effect.

Abstract:Analysis was made on the technical advantages in solving the difficulties of geological uncertainty and complicated surface environment. Based on the analysis on the setting position of casing program of Puguang gas field, the scope of casing setting depth was determined. Then 2 sets of well structure scheme were proposed for horizontal well in Puguang gas field. Take the Puguang 105 cluster well platform for an example, the well structure of 105-1 and 105-2 were optimized, and the drilling results were summarized and analyzed. The practice shows that cluster well could shorten the cycle of drilling, reduce the failure caused by complicated situation and improve drilling efficiency.

Abstract:Optimized design was made on middle-shallow stratum exploration well for environmental protection well drilling in Daqing oilfield. Starting with the design of casing program, related preventive and improving measures were formulated for the designs of drilling fluid, drill assembly and well cementing. The improved casing program increased the safety in drilling construction with environmental protection, especially for deep water. The reservoir potential damage was studied; the action principle, application and the effect of well protective technology were analyzed. The after-effect tracking showed that there was no water and environment pollution in the 15 oil and gas wells drilled in 2010 with deep surface casing in middle-shallow stratum.

Abstract:The paper introduced the small diameter deviation inclinometer for deep hole about its composition, data calculation process & treatment principle, instrument structure, deviation measuring process and the field test.

Abstract:Conventional water pressure test in dry deep hole of engineering geological investigation has been a technical problem in water pressure test for water conservancy and hydropower borehole. To solve the problem, borehole water pressure test instrument was developed and experimentally applied in Guxian hydro-junction project with good results. Based on the engineering practice, the paper made the comprehensive analysis on the application situation.

Abstract:Influenced by the facts of verticality of the borehole, grouting pressure and diffusion radius, technical difficulty is increased in grouting, which directly influences the curtain shape and seepage control effect. Based on the numerical simulation method of Universal Distinct Element Code, pressure distribution and grout diffusion in deep hole are simulated, which can give reference and guidance to the design and construction for curtain grouting.

Abstract:By the comparison of test results, discussion was made on the effect of variation of subbed soil water content to the test result and suggestion was made to closely protect the test field with 10 mm cement mortar; by the comparison of test results of 2 typical test fields, discussion was made on the possibility of characteristic value of composite ground bearing capacity and suggestion was made to have destructive test, determine ultimate load first and than define the bearing capacity of composite ground by the principle.

Abstract:Gas pumping-exhaust by drilling construction technology in coalmine is one of the effective ways to reduce the safety risk and the prevention to potential risk in coalmine safety production, the pumping-exhaust well by drilling is an economical and quick way for coalmine safety with very important significance.

Abstract:Based on a well drilling engineering of a mine in Shandong, the paper introduced the advantages and difficulties of construction without surface casing drilling with the countermeasures. The construction of 2 wells were fulfilled ahead of time through deviation control by tower drilling tools, inclination survey by gyro inclinometer, wall protection by high-quality mud and working intensity reducing by buoyancy device and impact wrench. Drilling without surface casing greatly saved the construction cost.

Abstract:Because of the artificial backfilling, the geological and hydrological conditions are complicated in Dalian near sea region, which was alluvial marine sedimentation terrace. The natural deposit soil and rock exists with strong permeable backfilled miscellaneous soil-filling. Pile foundation pit enclosure structure, water-proof curtain and deep well point dewatering were adopted for ultra large deep foundation pit excavation. By 2 pile tests and process parameters optimization, it was proved high pressure jet grouting pile waterproof curtain achieved ideal effect.

Abstract:The paper introduced a foundation pit project with complex boundary conditions of with existing street nearby, much municipal pipeline and telecom optical cable on lateral side. Pile-anchor support design was made based on the detailed survey on boundary conditions with main controlling in the construction, supporting effect was satisfied. The supporting design and construction safety control measures were presented.

Abstract:The paper introduced a large newly built engineering site, which was formed by filling sand for sea reclamation in the recent. The investigation exposed that there were earthquake liquefaction and low bearing capacity in the upper formation, high-energy compaction was planed for treatment; and the safe distance should be determined to avoid the vibration influence to the existed permanent breakwater by testing. The vibration attenuation test was adopted to have dynamic compaction vibration test to support the late large-scale compaction construction. The vibration attenuation test and the test result analysis were illustrated with the engineering case.

Abstract:Long distance pipe jacking is very difficult， as both the soil or rocks in the front of the cutting head and the great side frictional resistance need to be overcome. The article discussed the technique of using bentonite slurry to reduce the jacking resistance; systematically described grouting material structure， grouting technology and the mechanism of friction reduction and make the comparison between theoretical and actual values of jacking force in long distance pipe jacking based on the engineering case. The results showed that the effect of friction reduction by slurry injection was very noticeable， which is worth being applied in the similar projects.

Abstract:The survey design for Ya’an Shilonggou debris flow project in Sichuan earthquake disaster area was outlined. The basic features of debris was described, the characteristic values of debris flow and velocity were calculated and analyzed, regulation project scheme of intercepting and draining combination was put forward, which could be the reference for similar projects.

Abstract:This paper introduces a new kind of high-efficiency and long-life diamond bit with low-cost and substantial increase in deep hole drilling efficiency. The bit includes two structural styles: single-waterway and dual-waterway with high matrix. Under the precondition of ROP increasing by 20%, it can provide 200% service life than conventional drill bit. It gives an effective solution for the problem of short bit service life during deep hole drilling in the low or high abrasive formations.

Abstract:To increase the drilling efficiency and prolong the service life of PDC bit for soft rock drilling, suggestion was made to improve the cutting tooth, take new tooth arrangement and new diameter retention design. Good drilling effect was achieved by the developedΦ76 mm PDC bit and the paper introduced the soft rock bit structure design and on-site application effect in detail.