Abstract:列出了2013年探矿工程十大新闻。

Abstract:Lunar sampling consists of deep sampling and surface sampling. As a powerful supplement for deep sampling, multiple sampling tools are designed for surface sampling, however little research is focus on the interaction between sampling tool and lunar soil. Two simulated sampling tools, which could implement four actions (including digging, shoveling, clipping and penetration with vibration), were designed for surface sampling in this paper. By using the corresponding sensors, the torque (or force) acting on sampling tools can be monitored in real-time. The experiments were made on different motion parameters by use of six different lunar soil simulants and two sets of sampling equipments. Based on the observation during the experiments, specific phenomena appeared due to the different properties of lunar soil simulants and usual sand; and according to the analysis on experiments data, it is showed that excepting digging action, the relationship between the implement movements by the rest three actions and the force is an approximate linear one, while the torque on the implement of digging action is divided into 4 stages depending on the implement movement position.

Abstract:Scientific ultra-deep well is the “telescope” for human observation on the deep earth. Obtaining undisturbed core in typical block to establish high resolution stratigraphic profile and physical & chemical profile is one of the most important purposes of the scientific drilling. In deep drilling, the drill bit driving mode and coring method are the key factors to affect energy consumption, construction period and project funds. The paper discusses some key technologies and difficulties in scientific ultra-deep core drilling and puts forward the specific solutions and research direction in several aspects.

Abstract:Conventionally the intersection between horizontal well and vertical is processed by cavity building or hydropressurizing procedures, which consumes much construction time and costs. Nowadays, the newly developed ranging instrument “Smartmag” can accurately guide the drilling to the target well without need of the cavity building. With the case of well SY4 in Jiansu, the paper introduces “Smartmag” drilling guidance system of the independent intellectual property, which was used in a vertical well without cavity building. Due to the deviation data errors of the vertical wellbore, the drilling tool magnetization and the extremely small cavity, the intersection of the well pair is very difficult and finally achieved by 3 times’ ranging operations.

Abstract:For the application of directional drilling in solid mineral exploration, it is technically intended to control borehole trajectory to make the inclination of the borehole or the intersection point of the borehole to meet the geological exploration requirements; and economically is desired to expose the deposit and its boundary for accurate definition of ore reserves. The successful solid mineral exploration was made in J14ZK0100 with branch hole in Jinchang mine in Dongning of Helongjiang Province, the drilling works was greatly saved and valuable experience was accumulated. On the basis of the analysis on the difficulties in directional drilling construction, the paper introduces the technical measures and construction effects.

Abstract:The planned depth of future continental scientific drilling program is 13000m, based on the geothermal gradient of 3℃/100m, the bottom hole temperature will reach more than 390℃, so the drilling fluids technology will face a severe challenge to be applied in an extremely high temperature and high pressure environment. In this case, the pilot study was carried out on the ultra high temperature drilling fluid, with salt resistant clay, high temperature filtration reducer, high temperature deflocculant and high temperature protective agent, the saturated salt water drilling fluid composition was developed, this drilling fluid could work in the environments of more than 230℃. The indoor evaluation test demonstrated that this drilling fluid can still keep good flowing property and the water loss is less than 35mL/30min after 230℃ rolling aging test for 16 hours.

Abstract:The analysis is made on the technical difficulties of thick overburden layer drilling in Xiaoqinling gold mine; the technical countermeasures are researched to solve the problems in thick overburden layer wire-line core drilling in the aspects of drilling methods, borehole structure, wall protection with mud and process measures, which have brought good effects in the practice.

Abstract:With high control accuracy requirements on the wellbore trajectory, Xushen 21-Ping 1 well was completed at the drilling depth of 4955m with 905m drilling in transverse direction through the volcano rock reservoirs, and the sidetracking was successful under the condition of rock drillability of grade 8 in mudstone section, which laid the foundation for the subsequent construction. The paper sketches the well structure and trajectory profile design, analyzes the difficulties in well trajectory control and introduces in detail the wellbore trajectory control on the kick-off section, sidetrack section and horizontal section. The successful well drilling provides valuable experience for the horizontal well construction in this area.

Abstract:The paper introduces the well completion process for DR3 geothermal mining-exploiting combination well in Dunhuang of Gansu Province. The water swelling rubber was successfully introduced for water stopping with simple and reliable effects. The techniques of the permanent water stopping by mud pump cementing and the effectively control on borehole inclination have certain reference values to the similar geothermal well construction.

Abstract:Heat harm is a disaster in deep coal mining; ice cooling well is the channel for cooling cold medium conveying to downhole from the ground and is one of the important systems for realizing downhole cooling. Base on the engineering case of a group of cooling wells with the diameter over 1000m by Hongyang 3th coalmine in Shenyang, the paper introduces the construction purpose of the coalmine cooling well, the drilling process and the well completion technology.

Abstract:There are always the risks for subway construction in tunnel excavation and adjacent building safety, a detailed risk assessment is necessary to find out the main risk source to control project risk, guarantee the engineering safety and improve the investment benefit. This paper introduces the risk assessment on Nanchang metro, the main risk factors are found out by extension theory, which can provide reference to similar engineering construction.

Abstract:Take the left line of a shield interval construction in Tianjin metro Line 3 as the example and with the shield construction control as the research direction, based on the tunneling in test section, analysis on field data monitoring, analysis on computational simulation, selection of shield construction parameters and analysis on actual monitoring data, the paper makes the research on the parameters optimization of tunneling shield machine under complex line conditions(slope changing and small curve radius). With the track monitoring data of the test section as the analysis basis, focus on the main control parameters, the tunneling parameters are selected by theoretical calculation combined with the actual monitoring to demonstrate the parameter applicability. Research results show that the rational tunneling parameters can effectively control the shield machine sinking during the down-traversing building process in the complex line.

Abstract:According to the practical application of China-made wire-line coring drill pipe in ZK96-5 of the first deep drilling engineering construction by China Rock Gold Exploration and combined with the actual situation of existing drilling tubing specifications and materials, heat treatment and machining precision, the analysis and the summery are made on the advantages and disadvantages of CNH（T）wire-line drill pipe with 71mm in diameter about the structure, joint, thread button shape and size. The practice proves that this China-made wire-line core drilling tool is suitable to deep drilling with high strength, long service life and high reliability. In the construction of ZK96-5, the maximum depth has reached to more than 3310 meters.

Abstract:Run through DTH hammer is one of the necessary equipment of air reverse circulation drilling technology in continuous sampling. The RC 50 Hollow DTH hammer is applied in the China Gold Group Wushan Copper Mine, and achieved good results. Focusing on the RC 50 DTH structure, principle, performance and application effect are introduced in Wushan Copper Mine, so that the majority of the industry have a better understanding of the imported products to promote the process of domestic, imported equipment, so that the mineral resources of our country to develop and use more reasonable, improve comprehensive economic benefits.

Abstract:In directional drilling, non-magnetic PDM drill is developed both in China and abroad to achieve effective trajectory control. The structure characteristics and working principle of non-magnetic PDM drill are introduced. The performance tests were done on 2 non-magnetic PDM drills made both in China and abroad, by the comparison between the feature differences of these non-magnetic different PDM drills and the further understanding of the performance characteristics, the basis for field application and selection are obtained.

Abstract:Drilling fluid plays a vital role in drilling process; the abnormal volume of drilling fluid in the borehole is vulnerable to drill bit burning, drill bit burying and other downhole accidents. The paper introduces an alarm set for abnormal flow rate of drilling fluid based on MCU technology.

Abstract:Take φ89mm wire-line drill pipe as the research object, a quasi three dimensional model of the threaded connection part is established, with the analysis on the contact nonlinear mechanics by using CAE finite element software ANSYS, the equivalent stress and deformation nephogram at the threaded connection of drill pipe are obtained. The results show that the maximum equivalent stress position and deformation state is exactly consistent with the common position and the state of the drill pipe fracture in the drilling field, which shows that the above research means and methods presented in this paper are feasible.

Abstract:For the design and application of tube well recharge in deep foundation pit engineering, the analysis is made on the particularity of recharge well design for deep foundation pit engineering based on environmental control, the comparison is carried out on dewatering recharge seepage of different recharge filters for hanging curtain and the discussion is made on the key factors affecting plane layout of recharge wells and the design of tube well filter. Aiming at the recharge particularity of deep foundation pit engineering, design principles of “two points flow state” control and determination methods of the lift pump pressure control are put forward, the paper also present 3 principles that the injection water quality should meet.

Abstract:In the construction of foundation pit engineering, because of the simple operation and low cost, excavation without any protection is preferred if conditions permit. But with the increasing application, the collapse also appeared. Combined with several failure cases of excavation instability, analysis is made on the factors which may cause instability in excavation without any protection with corresponding preventive measures put forward.

Abstract:According to the conditions of backfill rolling compacted foundation, CFG pile composite foundation with high replacement ratio was selected. With the rational structure form of composite foundation, the mechanical characteristics were improved for obtaining full bearing capacity of the pile and the soil between piles to increase the capacity of the foundation and reduce the foundation settlement.