Abstract:China’ economic and social development have stepped into “new normal”. In geological drilling industry, which is the main supporting technology for geological survey and mineral exploration, capital investment is significantly reduced and the workload sharply decreases with surplus production in conventional drilling construction; on the other hand, new service areas are expanding for geological drilling, including deep scientific drilling, geothermal energy and unconventional energy exploration, marine, geological disaster prevention, ecological environment, the moon and the polar, etc. How to cope with the new situation is a challenge for the whole drilling industry. Based on the investigation and analysis on the difficulties, challenges and opportunities for geological drilling both at present and in the coming period, the paper prospects the future development of geological drilling in China, the workload of geological drilling will be further reduced; while in new areas and new industry status, the demand for drilling engineering and advanced drilling technologies as well as equipments will further increase. The geological drilling application will be closer to the national demand with more attention to environmental protection idea.

Abstract:At the beginning of the 21st century, shaft drilling rig was commonly used in China and China manufactured wire-line core drilling pipe could only satisfy the operation of drilling depth less than 1000m, which resulted in low drilling efficiency and poor coring rate in hard formations. In the past decade, with the support of a number of major national science and technology projects, the national science and technology support program, 863 plan and the special geological survey as well as some other technical projects and by the joint efforts of enterprise-university-institute, hard rock and deep well scientific drilling technology system and geological core(2000m) drilling technology system have been formed; rapid development and progress have been made in drilling (tunneling) technologies for shallow coring (sampling), new energy resources exploration and development, geological hazards investigation and prevention, directional drilling and foundation engineering construction. The drilling development direction of “new normal of China” economy is also prospected in this paper.

Abstract:This article introduces the scientific drilling activities of China during the “12th Five-year Plan” period, including the implementation results of main scientific drilling projects and drilling technical R&D achievements obtained while conducting scientific drilling projects. In addition, the prospect of China's scientific drilling is discussed.

Abstract:In “12th Five-year Plan” period, Henan Engineering Research Center of Deep Exploration positively launched a series of innovation activities according to the characteristics of professional subject and the new situation of environmental resources, closely combining with the production practice and centering on the thoughts and principle of “strengthen the ability of science and technology innovation and serve the economic and social development”. Based on the formation characteristics, the combination was conducted on air hammer, air-lift reverse circulation, downhole screw motor, oil drilling, hydro hammer and wire-line coring to realize multi-process drilling technology. Remarkable achievements have been made in the fields of national emergency drought relief, geothermal energy exploration, complex formation drilling technology and drilling technology standardization. According to the environmental situation and new normal geological work and using wide geological thought, a new concept of livelihood geology (industrial geology, agricultural geology, disaster geology, medical geology, new energy geology, etc.) and new ideas of “13th Five-year” drilling work are put forward in this paper.

Abstract:A general review is made on the achievements of industrial economy, technology research and application obtained by Shanxi Province Bureau of Geological Prospecting in the field of exploration engineering during the “12th Five-year Plan” period. Based on the analysis on the existing problems and combined with the marketing challenges, the development of exploration engineering in the “13th Five-year Plan” period is prospected in the research and development of new technologies and new equipments and strengthening internal management.

Abstract:Aluminum alloy drill rod has the characteristics of lightweight, high specific strength, deeper drilling depth and so on, its development and application has a great practical significance for improving geological drilling efficiency, promoting scientific drilling technological progress and reducing the energy consumption. This paper presented the current situation of batch and serialization of aluminum alloy rod development and application, and especially introduced aluminum alloy rod about its characteristics of application technology, key trial technologies, laboratory test and popularization. Based on the real drilling application and development trend, new ideas of aluminum alloy rod development for China were put forward.

Abstract:New bits with non-planar face PDC cutters, including shallow recessed cutter、Stinger central conical element、StingBlade element、AxeBlade ridged diamond element and StayCool diamond element, have gradually been introduced in oil and gas drilling in recent years. Those bits could drill some hard and abrasive formations with propriety ROP and durability. To meet the demands for powerful removal of cuttings and excellent steering for horizontal drilling, especially in shale well, ONXY Ⅱ Spear PDC bits、Seeker Directional PDC bits、CounterForce PDC bits、Speed Double Diameter PDC bits etc. Launched by International famous companies for oil and gas drilling worldwide at present. Newly developed Defyer DPA drillable casing bit and CuttPro cutter shearing caps for PDC are also mentioned in the paper. Summary(total 4 articles): (1)PDC bits should be continued deeply developed to meet requirements for oil and gas field perfectly. (2)Hybridization of bits is a trend in oil and gas well drilling. About 7 types of hybrid bits are introduced in the paper. It is just a beginning. More category’s hybrid bits would be developed and applied in oil and gas drilling in future years. (3)Some super-hard materials, which could be better used as cutters for well bits compared with diamond, might be discovered or synthesized later. (4)The bits enterprises should be reorganized and grown up, as well as technical innovations for drill bits must be strengthened in China.

Abstract:Diamond drilling has got a lot of achievements in China. But its technical and economic indexes are not ideal yet. Comparing to foreign countries, there are still gaps, particularly in the key diamond bit performance indexes. Diamond bit is produced mainly by hot pressing and sintering technology in China but with shortcomings. Cold pressing infiltration technology in Russia has its strong points and microwave heating sintering also has its advantages. It is suggested to make experimental research on diamond bit production by cold pressing infiltration technology and microwave sintering technology in order to improve the technical and economic indexes of diamond drilling in China.

Abstract:Based on the great advantages in low permeability reservoir development, horizontal well has been an important part of the development of shallow reservoir in Yanchang oilfield. For the characteristics of low temperature, shallow vertical depth and the horizontal seams creating in post fracture in this region, high strength and good sealing are required for the cement sheath. Through laboratory tests, a new type of chlorine-free composite M59S was selected, which was put with iron ion and aluminum ion in cement to form an early strength complex to greatly shorten the cement hydration time at low temperatures and improve the early strength of cement stone. A set of low temperature early strength slurry system is formed assisting by other additives. By the laboratory performance evaluation, this slurry system has a short thickening transition time, good stability and rheological characteristic, zero water precipitation and water loss less than 40mL. The compressive strength of cement stone reached more than 20MPa with ordinary pressure curing in the condition of 20℃ for 48h. The construction requirements of low temperature horizontal well cementation were satisfied. This low temperature early strength slurry system has good cementing effects in its application for shallow horizontal wells in the eastern part of Yanchang oilfield.

Abstract:Liba gold mine is located in Lixian County of Longnan City in Gansu Province, which is one of the medium-sized gold deposit in Gansu. The stratum of mining area is complex with the existence of tectonic breccia and phyllite which have the characteristics of strong water sensitivity, and hole wall collapse happens easily. According to the characteristics of mining area stratum, the solid-free flushing fluid with characteristics of film-forming and anti-collapse has been adopted and more than 2000 meters of drill workload have been completed. The results of field application indicate that this flushing fluid system has good film-forming ability and inhibitive capacity, the hole wall collapse was successfully resolved in this mining area, and the coring recovery and coring quality are markedly improved.

Abstract:With light weight, high strength, good corrosion resistance and low-magnetic, etc., aluminum alloy drill pipe receives much concern in deep and ultra-deep drilling operations. In the deep and ultra-deep well drilling, as the aluminum alloy drill pipe needs to withstand enormous internal and external pressure, it is necessary to calculate and test its maximum internal and external pressure. Internal and external hydrostatic pressure tests were carried out on φ147mm self-developed aluminum alloy drill pipe and checked by elasticity theory calculations. No leakage happened for full-size 7075 and 2024 aluminum alloy drill pipes with 69.51MPa and 48.65MPa continuous internal pressure pressure-loading for 20min respectively and the maximum anti-external pressure values were 107.4MPa and 72.3MPa for each. The tests show that the aluminum alloy drill pipe has good property of anti-internal and external pressure to ensure its reliability in deep and ultra-deep drilling.

Abstract:In order to improve the technical level of wire-line core drilling and remedy the defects of common wire-line overshot, SSD-96 type wire-line core overshot is developed, by which the opening of fishing hook can be adjusted through controlling the steel wire winch on the ground surface to complete the process from fishing to releasing. The paper introduces the principles of fishing and releasing with the safety releasing methods after conveying the inner tube to the predetermined position while encountering difficulties or dry hole and water shortage. This overshot has good effect in the field application test in Zhangying mining area of Chengde.

Abstract:Tailings reservoir is one of major hazards in China and the saturation line of tailings reservoir is one of the important indicators of dam safety. In order to effectively discharge tailings water and lower the saturation line, this paper summarizes and proposes the design idea, main points of construction and technical methods based on several successful engineering application cases of radial wells technology in tailings reservoir.

Abstract:Due to a national highway widening excavation was carried out near the pile ZZ034G 2 of Zhangzhou section of Fujian LNG gas transportation trunk line, an artificial high and steep slope was formed there; and the slope was partially collapsed and a wide extensional crack appeared at the top of the slope for the impact of rainy season and poor geological conditions, which was a serious threat to the safe operation of the gas pipeline at that place. According to the engineering geological conditions and exploration results, the slope treatment was divided into two sections. A variety of reinforcement measures of earthwork backpressure, anti-slide pile, anchor, lattice beams and retaining wall were taken for the slope treatment, interception ditch and drainage hole were set and information construction and slope monitoring technology were adopted with good effects in slope treatment.

Abstract:The upper soft soil layer is mainly cohesive soil in coastal quaternary overburden layer, which has great effects on the hole and the final pile quality in the drilling process of submersible drill. The quality problems are water emitting from the top of pile, mud mixed in pile body, diameter shrinkage, reinforced steel exposing, bit balling and hole verticality deviation, and these related causes are analyzed. The paper summarizes the key points of boring control technology by submersible drill in clay, including the control in construction preparation stage, construction stage and hole cleaning stage, as well as other measures.

Abstract:The development of computer and network techniques afford the technical foundation of construction design and the management information of construction procedure for geological drilling. On the basis of analyzing the information flow and information system requirements in geological drilling, this paper proposed the general frame and technical plans of construction management information system of geological drilling mainly by the information interactive platform of drilling techniques, design system of drilling construction and the management information system of drilling construction procedure, including 8 function modules of contract management, design management, borehole management, apparatus management, materials management, statistical statement, leader's attention and record management. By the implementation of this system, the technical level of geological drilling design, construction and management can be significantly improved with good application prospect.

Abstract:Take borehole HSNCM48-1 as an example, which was at Line 48 of Heishigou ore section of equipped exploration mining area in Dulan County of Qinghai Province, FLAC3D numerical simulation software was applied to simulate the deformation of tunnel excavation; and according to the simulation results, the support measures and monitoring points were determined. Comparative analysis was made on the numerical simulation results of vertical displacement, horizontal displacement, the total displacement and plastic zone before chamber excavation supporting, and on the real values by multi-point displacement meter before and after monitoring points excavation supporting as well as the simulation values calculated by FLAC3D simulation software respectively. By the comparative analysis on the calculation results, the deformation of chamber surrounding rocks simulated by numerical simulation software can be obtained, which is very important for the displacement field analysis and the supporting measures determination.