Abstract:Through years of geothermal drilling engineering practice， it is throught that under the guidance of the traditional geothermal system theory of “heat source， channel，reservoir，overlying rock”， some problems exists such as high drilling risk and imperfect exploration results using hydrogeological survey and geophysical exploration methods to select geothermal resource target areas and drilling locations. The problem is more serious especially with the increase of exploration depth. In view of the above problems，combined with relevant literature and the practice of geothermal drilling engineering， this paper shows that there are huge high-temperature and high-pressure gases in earth interior and the formation of the geothermal， oil and gas， gas-bearing coal seams and other energy is closely related to the gases migration in the earth interior. The formation of geothermal resources is mainly caused by the action of carrying and driving （medium and power） of the deep gas and is enriched in a certain geological environment and space. On this basis， the model of reservoir-formation of hydrothermal geothermal resources is re-established， including three types of convective， conductive and compound type of convective-conductive. Moreover， on the basis of the traditional geothermal system theory， innovation of geothermal theory and the dynamics of the earth interior gases are further proposed to make the geothermal systerm theory more scientific and perfect. It provides a reliable theoretical basis for the continuous and steady development and utilization of geothermal resources.

Abstract:The rainfall conditions in the shallow hilly red layer area of Gongjue County in eastern Tibet are limited， and the occurrence and development of debris flows are mainly controlled by material source conditions and channel conditions， belonging to the “material source control type” of debris flows. Through geological investigation and statistical analysis， the conditions， mechanisms， and activity characteristics of debris flow formation were analyzed in detail. The following conclusion has been drawn： Gullies with a drainage area less than 1.0km2 and a longitudinal gradient of 100‰ to 300‰ are prone to debris flows； Due to the influence of structure， freeze-thaw weathering， and gypsum containing rocks， the sources of debris flows are relatively abundant， with slope erosion as the main type of source and a distribution characteristic of “multiple points and wide areas”. The supply form is characterized by “zero storage and whole extraction”； Controlled by the form of material supply， the formation of debris flows mainly includes three stages： slope erosion initiation， gully bed accumulation， and bottom erosion； Due to the influence of material sources， the fluid properties of debris flows in the area are mainly viscous transitional， and debris flows have the characteristics of multiple periods， medium to high frequencies， and smaller scale of single debris flows.

Abstract:Geological disasters are development in the FAST （Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope） protected area which is geological disasters prone area where 132 registered geological disasters exist. Hidden hazards of geological disasters in this area have posed threats to the safe operation of the FAST project. In this paper， the existing geological disasters in the FAST protected area are taken as the research objects， methods of field investigation， data collection and mathematical statistics are adopted to analyze the development characteristics of geological disasters in the protected area. The correlation model of geological disasters is established to study the coupling relationship between the disaster-breeding conditions and influencing factors of geological disasters， the formation mechanism is analyzed and studied，and the prevention and control measures and monitoring suggestions are also put forward. As a result， the landslide in FAST protected area are mainly divided into two mechanical failure modes， namely， “traction type” and “push type”. Small landslides are mostly “traction type”， and medium and large landslides are mostly “push type”. The main failure modes of dangerous rock mass in the area are “toppling”， “falling” and “sliding”. Heavy rainfall and human engineering activities are the main inducing factors of geological disasters in the area. therefore， geological disaster inspection and prevention should be carried out before and after heavy rainfall. Scientific assessment and planning should be made before carrying out geotechnical engineering activities to avoid man-made geological disasters.

Abstract:China is a mountainous country with complex and diverse terrain and diverse geological conditions. Geological disasters occur frequently during the flood season each year， which is prone to induce landslides， collapses and mudslides， etc.， posing a great threat to national economic construction and personnel safety. Since the disaster occurs during the main flood season， the treatment of the slopes in such conditions is all emergency projects， and the construction period is tight. The small-diameter steel tube soldier piles， due to its characteristics of fast construction speed， small excavation amount and small disturbance to slopes， is applicable to emergency works with tight deadlines. Taking a specific project as an example， this paper analyzes the deformation mechanism of the slope retaining wall， and describes the the treatment plan with small-diameter steel tube soldier piles. The treatment increased anti-overturning ability of the retaining wall， and effectively solved the problems of insufficient bearing capacity of the retaining wall foundation and the secondary disasters such as slope collapse caused by large-scale excavation of foundation.， It can provide reference for similar projects.

Abstract:This paper takes Zuogelietuo debris flow in Meigu County of Liangshan Prefecture as a research object, and analyzed the risk of debris flow in aspects of topography and geomorphology and the generation conditions. Based on the actual situations, corresponding measures (blocking and drainage) are put forward.

Abstract:This paper introduces the development status of high-voltage pulse discharge technology and describes the mechanism, characteristics and new process of pile formation. This pile formation method has special advantages with high bearing capacity and economic benefits, and the application prospect was discussed.

Abstract:With the case of large accumulation of Erlang temple, demonstration was made on the formation mechanism with dynamical geology and the analysis on process of slope. And the primary evolution indicated that the integral sliding was impossible, but because of lower local stability, it was possible to have large-scale unstable failure induced by mass rainfall and human engineering activities.